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feat: 添加 Windows 环境变量编辑器 GUI 应用程序

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- 基于 IUP GUI 库开发 Windows 环境变量编辑器
- 实现 PATH 变量的加载、编辑、保存功能
- 提供新建、编辑、浏览、删除、上下移动路径等操作
- 添加管理员权限检查，确保系统变量修改权限
- 包含完整的项目构建配置（Makefile）和依赖库
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LHY0125
2026-03-16 17:32:15 +08:00
commit 13e683e7fd
95 changed files with 5425 additions and 0 deletions
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src/callbacks.c
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#include "callbacks.h"
#include "globals.h"
#include "registry.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
// 按钮回调：新建
int btn_new_cb(Ihandle *self)
{
char buffer[1024] = "";
if (IupGetParam("新建环境变量", NULL, NULL, "路径: %s\n", buffer, NULL))
{
if (strlen(buffer) > 0)
{
int count = IupGetInt(list_path, "COUNT");
count++;
IupSetAttributeId(list_path, "", count, buffer);
IupSetInt(list_path, "COUNT", count);
IupSetInt(list_path, "VALUE", count);
}
}
return IUP_DEFAULT;
}
// 按钮回调：编辑
int btn_edit_cb(Ihandle *self)
{
int selected = IupGetInt(list_path, "VALUE");
if (selected == 0)
return IUP_DEFAULT;
char *current_val = IupGetAttributeId(list_path, "", selected);
char buffer[4096]; // 假设单个路径不超过4096
strncpy(buffer, current_val, 4096);
buffer[4095] = '\0';
if (IupGetParam("编辑环境变量", NULL, NULL, "路径: %s\n", buffer, NULL))
{
if (strlen(buffer) > 0)
{
IupSetAttributeId(list_path, "", selected, buffer);
}
}
return IUP_DEFAULT;
}
// 按钮回调：浏览
int btn_browse_cb(Ihandle *self)
{
Ihandle *filedlg = IupFileDlg();
IupSetAttribute(filedlg, "DIALOGTYPE", "DIR");
IupSetAttribute(filedlg, "TITLE", "选择目录");
IupPopup(filedlg, IUP_CENTER, IUP_CENTER);
if (IupGetInt(filedlg, "STATUS") != -1)
{
char *value = IupGetAttribute(filedlg, "VALUE");
if (value)
{
int count = IupGetInt(list_path, "COUNT");
count++;
IupSetAttributeId(list_path, "", count, value);
IupSetInt(list_path, "COUNT", count);
IupSetInt(list_path, "VALUE", count);
}
}
IupDestroy(filedlg);
return IUP_DEFAULT;
}
// 按钮回调：删除
int btn_del_cb(Ihandle *self)
{
int selected = IupGetInt(list_path, "VALUE");
if (selected == 0)
return IUP_DEFAULT;
IupSetAttribute(list_path, "REMOVEITEM", "SELECTED");
return IUP_DEFAULT;
}
// 按钮回调：上移
int btn_up_cb(Ihandle *self)
{
int selected = IupGetInt(list_path, "VALUE");
if (selected <= 1)
return IUP_DEFAULT; // 已经是第一个或未选中
char *current = IupGetAttributeId(list_path, "", selected);
char *prev = IupGetAttributeId(list_path, "", selected - 1);
// 交换内容
char buf_curr[4096], buf_prev[4096];
strncpy(buf_curr, current, 4096);
buf_curr[4095] = '\0';
strncpy(buf_prev, prev, 4096);
buf_prev[4095] = '\0';
IupSetAttributeId(list_path, "", selected, buf_prev);
IupSetAttributeId(list_path, "", selected - 1, buf_curr);
IupSetInt(list_path, "VALUE", selected - 1);
return IUP_DEFAULT;
}
// 按钮回调：下移
int btn_down_cb(Ihandle *self)
{
int selected = IupGetInt(list_path, "VALUE");
int count = IupGetInt(list_path, "COUNT");
if (selected == 0 || selected >= count)
return IUP_DEFAULT;
char *current = IupGetAttributeId(list_path, "", selected);
char *next = IupGetAttributeId(list_path, "", selected + 1);
char buf_curr[4096], buf_next[4096];
strncpy(buf_curr, current, 4096);
buf_curr[4095] = '\0';
strncpy(buf_next, next, 4096);
buf_next[4095] = '\0';
IupSetAttributeId(list_path, "", selected, buf_next);
IupSetAttributeId(list_path, "", selected + 1, buf_curr);
IupSetInt(list_path, "VALUE", selected + 1);
return IUP_DEFAULT;
}
// 按钮回调：确定
int btn_ok_cb(Ihandle *self)
{
save_path();
return IUP_DEFAULT;
}
// 按钮回调：取消
int btn_cancel_cb(Ihandle *self)
{
IupExitLoop();
return IUP_DEFAULT;
}
// 按钮回调：帮助
int btn_help_cb(Ihandle *self)
{
IupMessage("使用说明",
"1. 本程序用于编辑系统环境变量 PATH。\n"
"2. 必须以【管理员身份】运行才能保存更改。\n"
"3. 操作说明：\n"
" - 新建：添加新路径到列表末尾。\n"
" - 编辑：修改选中的路径。\n"
" - 浏览：从文件系统选择目录添加。\n"
" - 删除：移除选中的路径。\n"
" - 上移/下移：调整路径优先级。\n"
"4. 点击【确定】保存更改并生效。\n"
"5. 注意：某些正在运行的程序可能需要重启才能识别新的环境变量。");
return IUP_DEFAULT;
}
src/main.c
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#include <windows.h>
#include <iup.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <wchar.h>
#include "globals.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include "registry.h"
#include "callbacks.h"
#ifdef _WIN32
#include <windows.h>
#include <direct.h>
#endif
// 全局控件定义
Ihandle *dlg, *list_path, *lbl_status;
Ihandle *btn_new, *btn_edit, *btn_browse, *btn_del, *btn_up, *btn_down;
Ihandle *btn_ok, *btn_cancel, *btn_help;
// 主函数
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
// 设置控制台编码为UTF-8,防止中文乱码
#ifdef _WIN32
system("chcp 65001 > nul"); // 设置控制台编码为UTF-8
SetConsoleOutputCP(65001); // 设置控制台输出编码
SetConsoleCP(65001); // 设置控制台输入编码
_mkdir("records");
#endif
// 强制设置 UTF8MODE 环境变量，必须在 IupOpen 之前
putenv("IUP_UTF8MODE=YES");
IupOpen(&argc, &argv);
IupSetGlobal("UTF8MODE", "YES");
// 创建列表控件
list_path = IupList(NULL);
IupSetAttribute(list_path, "EXPAND", "YES");
IupSetAttribute(list_path, "VISIBLELINES", "15");
IupSetAttribute(list_path, "MULTIPLE", "NO");
// 创建右侧按钮
btn_new = IupButton("新建(N)", NULL);
btn_edit = IupButton("编辑(E)", NULL);
btn_browse = IupButton("浏览(B)...", NULL);
btn_del = IupButton("删除(D)", NULL);
btn_up = IupButton("上移(U)", NULL);
btn_down = IupButton("下移(O)", NULL);
// 设置按钮回调
IupSetCallback(btn_new, "ACTION", (Icallback)btn_new_cb);
IupSetCallback(btn_edit, "ACTION", (Icallback)btn_edit_cb);
IupSetCallback(btn_browse, "ACTION", (Icallback)btn_browse_cb);
IupSetCallback(btn_del, "ACTION", (Icallback)btn_del_cb);
IupSetCallback(btn_up, "ACTION", (Icallback)btn_up_cb);
IupSetCallback(btn_down, "ACTION", (Icallback)btn_down_cb);
// 设置按钮大小 (宽度)
IupSetAttribute(btn_new, "RASTERSIZE", "80x");
IupSetAttribute(btn_edit, "RASTERSIZE", "80x");
IupSetAttribute(btn_browse, "RASTERSIZE", "80x");
IupSetAttribute(btn_del, "RASTERSIZE", "80x");
IupSetAttribute(btn_up, "RASTERSIZE", "80x");
IupSetAttribute(btn_down, "RASTERSIZE", "80x");
Ihandle *vbox_btns = IupVbox(
btn_new, btn_edit, btn_browse, btn_del,
IupFill(), // 间隔
btn_up, btn_down,
NULL);
IupSetAttribute(vbox_btns, "GAP", "5");
IupSetAttribute(vbox_btns, "MARGIN", "0x0");
// 上部布局：列表 + 按钮
Ihandle *hbox_main = IupHbox(list_path, vbox_btns, NULL);
IupSetAttribute(hbox_main, "GAP", "10");
IupSetAttribute(hbox_main, "MARGIN", "10x10");
// 状态标签
lbl_status = IupLabel("状态: 就绪");
IupSetAttribute(lbl_status, "EXPAND", "HORIZONTAL");
// 底部按钮
btn_ok = IupButton("确定", NULL);
btn_cancel = IupButton("取消", NULL);
btn_help = IupButton("帮助(?)", NULL);
IupSetCallback(btn_ok, "ACTION", (Icallback)btn_ok_cb);
IupSetCallback(btn_cancel, "ACTION", (Icallback)btn_cancel_cb);
IupSetCallback(btn_help, "ACTION", (Icallback)btn_help_cb);
IupSetAttribute(btn_ok, "RASTERSIZE", "80x25");
IupSetAttribute(btn_cancel, "RASTERSIZE", "80x25");
IupSetAttribute(btn_help, "RASTERSIZE", "80x25");
Ihandle *hbox_bottom = IupHbox(lbl_status, IupFill(), btn_help, btn_ok, btn_cancel, NULL);
IupSetAttribute(hbox_bottom, "GAP", "10");
IupSetAttribute(hbox_bottom, "MARGIN", "10x10");
IupSetAttribute(hbox_bottom, "ALIGNMENT", "ACENTER");
// 总体布局
Ihandle *vbox_all = IupVbox(
IupLabel("系统变量 Path:"),
hbox_main,
hbox_bottom,
NULL);
IupSetAttribute(vbox_all, "MARGIN", "10x10");
IupSetAttribute(vbox_all, "GAP", "5");
// 创建对话框
dlg = IupDialog(vbox_all);
IupSetAttribute(dlg, "TITLE", "编辑环境变量 (IUP版)");
IupSetAttribute(dlg, "SIZE", "450x350");
IupSetAttribute(dlg, "MINBOX", "NO");
IupSetAttribute(dlg, "MAXBOX", "NO");
// 加载数据
if (!check_admin())
{
IupMessage("警告", "程序未以管理员身份运行，您只能查看，无法保存更改！");
IupSetAttribute(dlg, "TITLE", "编辑环境变量 (只读模式)");
IupSetAttribute(lbl_status, "TITLE", "状态: 只读模式 (权限不足)");
}
IupShowXY(dlg, IUP_CENTER, IUP_CENTER);
// IUP List APPEND 属性需要在控件 Map 之后才能生效
// IupShowXY 会触发 Map
load_path();
IupMainLoop();
IupClose();
return 0;
}
src/registry.c
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#include "registry.h"
#include "globals.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <wchar.h>
// 从注册表加载PATH
void load_path()
{
HKEY hKey;
LONG res = RegOpenKeyExW(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, REG_PATH, 0, KEY_READ, &hKey);
if (res != ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
char msg[512];
snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "无法打开注册表键 (HKLM)。\n路径: %ls\n错误码: %ld\n\n请尝试右键点击程序 -> '以管理员身份运行'。", REG_PATH, res);
IupMessage("错误", msg);
IupSetAttribute(lbl_status, "TITLE", "状态: 注册表读取失败");
return;
}
DWORD type, size;
res = RegQueryValueExW(hKey, REG_VALUE, NULL, &type, NULL, &size);
if (res == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
// 安全分配内存：size 是字节数，多分配 2 个字节给 null 终止符
wchar_t *buffer = (wchar_t *)malloc(size + 2);
if (!buffer)
{
IupMessage("错误", "内存分配失败！");
RegCloseKey(hKey);
return;
}
// 初始化内存
memset(buffer, 0, size + 2);
if (RegQueryValueExW(hKey, REG_VALUE, NULL, &type, (LPBYTE)buffer, &size) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
// 重新实现分割逻辑，避免 wcstok 的兼容性问题
wchar_t *current = buffer;
wchar_t *next_semicolon = NULL;
int count = 0;
// 清空列表
IupSetAttribute(list_path, "REMOVEITEM", "ALL");
// 检查内容是否为空
if (wcslen(buffer) == 0)
{
IupMessage("提示", "读取到的 PATH 变量为空！");
}
while (*current)
{
// 查找下一个分号
next_semicolon = wcschr(current, L';');
if (next_semicolon)
{
*next_semicolon = L'\0'; // 临时截断
}
// 跳过空项
if (wcslen(current) > 0)
{
char *utf8_str = wide_to_utf8(current);
count++;
IupSetAttributeId(list_path, "", count, utf8_str);
free(utf8_str);
}
if (next_semicolon)
{
current = next_semicolon + 1;
}
else
{
break;
}
}
IupSetInt(list_path, "COUNT", count); // 显式设置列表项数量
IupSetInt(list_path, "VALUE", 1); // 选中第一项
char status_msg[100];
sprintf(status_msg, "状态: 已加载 %d 个条目", count);
IupSetAttribute(lbl_status, "TITLE", status_msg);
}
else
{
IupMessage("错误", "读取 PATH 值内容失败！");
IupSetAttribute(lbl_status, "TITLE", "状态: 读取值内容失败");
}
free(buffer);
}
else
{
char msg[256];
sprintf(msg, "查询 PATH 值大小失败。错误码: %ld", res);
IupMessage("错误", msg);
IupSetAttribute(lbl_status, "TITLE", "状态: 查询值失败");
}
RegCloseKey(hKey);
}
// 保存PATH到注册表
void save_path()
{
if (!check_admin())
{
IupMessage("错误", "需要管理员权限才能保存更改！\n请重新以管理员身份运行程序。");
return;
}
int count = IupGetInt(list_path, "COUNT");
if (count == 0)
{
// 警告：清空PATH是很危险的
if (IupAlarm("警告", "PATH 为空！这可能导致系统命令无法使用。\n确定要保存吗？", "确定", "取消", NULL) != 1)
{
return;
}
}
// 计算所需缓冲区大小
size_t total_len = 0;
for (int i = 1; i <= count; i++)
{
char *item = IupGetAttributeId(list_path, "", i);
if (item)
{
wchar_t *witem = utf8_to_wide(item);
total_len += wcslen(witem) + 1; // +1 for ';'
free(witem);
}
}
total_len += 1; // null terminator
wchar_t *buffer = (wchar_t *)malloc(total_len * sizeof(wchar_t));
if (!buffer)
{
IupMessage("错误", "内存分配失败 (保存时)！");
return;
}
buffer[0] = L'\0';
for (int i = 1; i <= count; i++)
{
char *item = IupGetAttributeId(list_path, "", i);
if (item)
{
wchar_t *witem = utf8_to_wide(item);
wcscat(buffer, witem);
if (i < count)
{
wcscat(buffer, L";");
}
free(witem);
}
}
// 写入注册表
HKEY hKey;
if (RegOpenKeyExW(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, REG_PATH, 0, KEY_WRITE, &hKey) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
// 使用 REG_EXPAND_SZ 类型，因为 PATH 可能包含 %SystemRoot%
DWORD size = (wcslen(buffer) + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t);
if (RegSetValueExW(hKey, REG_VALUE, 0, REG_EXPAND_SZ, (LPBYTE)buffer, size) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
// 发送系统广播通知环境变量已更改
SendMessageTimeoutW(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_SETTINGCHANGE, 0, (LPARAM)L"Environment", SMTO_ABORTIFHUNG, 5000, NULL);
IupMessage("成功", "PATH 环境变量已更新！");
IupSetAttribute(lbl_status, "TITLE", "状态: 保存成功");
}
else
{
IupMessage("错误", "写入注册表失败！");
IupSetAttribute(lbl_status, "TITLE", "状态: 保存失败");
}
RegCloseKey(hKey);
}
else
{
IupMessage("错误", "无法打开注册表进行写入。请检查权限！");
IupSetAttribute(lbl_status, "TITLE", "状态: 打开注册表失败");
}
free(buffer);
}
src/utils.c
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#include "utils.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iup.h>
// 宽字符转UTF-8 (用于IUP显示)
char *wide_to_utf8(const wchar_t *wstr)
{
if (!wstr)
return NULL;
int size_needed = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wstr, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
char *str = (char *)malloc(size_needed);
WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wstr, -1, str, size_needed, NULL, NULL);
return str;
}
// UTF-8转宽字符 (用于Windows API)
wchar_t *utf8_to_wide(const char *str)
{
if (!str)
return NULL;
int size_needed = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, str, -1, NULL, 0);
wchar_t *wstr = (wchar_t *)malloc(size_needed * sizeof(wchar_t));
MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, str, -1, wstr, size_needed);
return wstr;
}
// 检查管理员权限
int check_admin()
{
HKEY hKey;
LONG result = RegOpenKeyExW(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, L"SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Session Manager\\Environment", 0, KEY_WRITE, &hKey);
if (result == ERROR_SUCCESS)
{
RegCloseKey(hKey);
return 1;
}
return 0;
}