feat: 管道 |> + 字符串插值 \(expr) — P0 四特性收官

.gitignore

@@ -35,3 +35,6 @@ Thumbs.db
 *.zip
 *.tar.gz
 *.7z
+
+# 环境变量文件
+.env

AGENTS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+# AGENTS.md
+
+本文件为 L Language 项目的 Codex 上下文文件，定义项目架构、构建命令、核心 API 和开发约定。
+
+## 项目概述
+
+L Language v0.5 — C17 实现的静态类型编译型语言，Rust 风格语法，LLVM 22.x 后端。5 阶段流水线：词法 → 语法 → 语义 → IR → 可执行文件。38 单元测试 + 23 集成程序。
+
+## 目录结构
+
+```
+├── include/l_lang.h            TypeKind(10), SourceLoc 公共头文件
+├── src/
+│   ├── lexer/  {token,lexer}   手写状态机, 50 Token 类型
+│   ├── parser/ parser.c        递归下降 + Pratt, 825 行
+│   ├── ast/    ast.{c,h}       25 种 AST 节点 + 工厂函数
+│   ├── sema/   {symbol,sema}   作用域链 + 类型推断 + impl mangle
+│   ├── codegen/{codegen,target} LLVM-C API → 目标代码, 824 行
+│   ├── driver/ {main,error}    入口 + 命令行解析 + 错误报告
+│   └── util/   arena.c         Bump allocator (8MB)
+├── test/
+│   ├── test_{lexer,parser,sema,codegen}.c  单元测试 (38)
+│   └── programs/*.l                        集成测试 (23)
+└── docs/
+    ├── PRD.md                   产品需求文档 (v0.1)
+    ├── analysis/                架构分析报告
+    └── architecture-improvements.md
+```
+
+## 构建命令
+
+```powershell
+cd build
+cmake .. -G "MinGW Makefiles" -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="D:/settings/Language/LLVM"
+mingw32-make -j4
+mingw32-make l_lang        # 仅编译器
+```
+
+## 编译流水线
+
+```
+源码(.l) → Lexer → Parser → Sema → Codegen → Target(obj) → GCC 链接(.exe)
+            50 Tok  25 AST  类型标注  LLVM IR    .o          可执行文件
+```
+
+## 核心 API
+
+```c
+// lexer.h — 词法分析
+Token* lex(Arena* a, const char* source, const char* filename,
+           size_t* count, ErrorInfo* error);
+
+// parser.h — 语法分析
+AstNode* parse(Arena* a, const Token* tokens, size_t count,
+               const char* filename, ErrorInfo* error);
+
+// sema.h — 语义分析
+void sema_analyze(AstNode* ast, ErrorList* errors, Arena* arena);
+
+// codegen.h — IR 生成
+LLVMModuleRef codegen_module(AstNode* ast, const char* module_name,
+                             const char** error_msg);
+```
+
+## 类型系统
+
+| L 类型 | LLVM 类型 | TypeKind |
+|--------|-----------|----------|
+| i64 | LLVMInt64Type() | TYPE_I64 |
+| f64 | LLVMDoubleType() | TYPE_F64 |
+| bool | LLVMInt1Type() | TYPE_BOOL |
+| str | LLVMInt8PtrType() | TYPE_STR |
+| void | LLVMVoidType() | TYPE_VOID |
+| struct | LLVMStructType() | TYPE_STRUCT |
+| enum | (i64 常量) | TYPE_ENUM |
+| [T; N] | LLVMArrayType() | TYPE_ARRAY |
+
+## 运算符优先级 (Pratt)
+
+| 优先级 | 运算符 |
+|--------|--------|
+| 70 (最高) | `-`(一元负) `!` |
+| 60 | `*` `/` `%` |
+| 50 | `+` `-` |
+| 40 | `==` `!=` `<` `>` `<=` `>=` |
+| 30 | `&&` |
+| 20 | `\|\|` |
+
+## 关键架构决策
+
+| 决策 | 说明 |
+|------|------|
+| impl mangle | sema 将 `impl S { fn f }` 改名为 `S$f`，codegen 零修改 |
+| match 脱糖 | parser 将 match 转为 let+if-else 链，sema/codegen 完全复用 |
+| for 脱糖 | for 转为 let mut+while+assign |
+| 复合赋值脱糖 | `x += 1` → `x = x + 1` |
+| parse_type_expr 统一 | 所有类型标注经同一函数解析 |
+| RAII cleanup_list | 作用域级自动 free，dynamic resize |
+
+## 版本状态
+
+| 指标 | v0.5 |
+|------|------|
+| 实现代码 | ~3,336 行 |
+| Token 类型 | 50 |
+| AST 节点 | 25 |
+| TypeKind | 10 |
+| SymbolKind | 5 (VAR/PARAM/FN/STRUCT/ENUM) |
+| P0 完成度 | 4/4 (100%) |
+| P1 完成度 | 6/6 (100%) |
+| 已知技术债务 | 10 项 |
+
+## 开发约定
+
+- **语言标准**: C17，`-Wall -Wextra -g`，零警告
+- **内存管理**: Token/AST/符号表均在 arena 分配，禁止 malloc/free 散落
+- **错误消息**: 中文，格式 `文件名:行号:列号: 描述`
+- **平台**: Windows 11 + MinGW-w64，链接器用 gcc（非 clang）
+- **LLVM 路径**: `D:\settings\Language\LLVM`（v22.1.7，C API）
+- **去糖优先**: 复杂语法优先在 parser 层去糖为简单原语，减少 sema/codegen 改动
+- **新增功能流程**: lexer token → ast 节点 → parser 解析 → sema 检查 → codegen 生成 → 测试
+
+## 测试
+
+```powershell
+./l_lang_lexer_test.exe    # 3 测试
+./l_lang_test.exe          # 5 测试
+./l_lang_sema_test.exe     # 21 测试
+./l_lang_codegen_test.exe  # 9 测试
+
+# 集成测试
+Get-ChildItem test/programs/*.l | ForEach-Object {
+    ./l_lang.exe $_.FullName -o test.exe
+    ./test.exe
+}
+```
+
+## 当前技术债务 (优先级排序)
+
+1. **高**: analyze_expr 膨胀 (350+ 行)，match/sema 无单元测试
+2. **中**: parser.c 825 行单文件，codegen.c 824 行单文件，match 脱糖在 parser 非独立 pass，`[Point; N]` 未实现
+3. **低**: TypeKind 耦合 (改 7+ 文件)，AST Visitor 缺失，CHANGELOG 未更新 v0.4/v0.5，LLVM 22 无 mem2reg C API

README.md

@@ -81,9 +81,12 @@ graph TB
 
 | 类型 | 语法 | 示例 |
 |------|------|------|
+| 32 位有符号整数 | `i32` | `100` |
 | 64 位有符号整数 | `i64` | `42`, `-7` |
+| 64 位无符号整数 | `u64` | `999` |
 | 64 位浮点数 | `f64` | `3.14` |
 | 布尔值 | `bool` | `true`, `false` |
+| 字符 | `char` | `'A'` |
 | 字符串 | `str` | `"hello"` |
 | 结构体 | `struct` | `Point { x: i64, y: i64 }` |
 | 枚举 | `enum` | `Color { Red, Green, Blue }` |
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@ graph TB
 | 类型别名 | `type` | `type Meters = i64;` |
 
 - `let` 不可变 + `var` 可变，类型推断
-- `i64` → `f64` 自动提升
+- `i32` → `i64` → `f64` 自动加宽，`char` 可隐式转为整数
 
 ### 控制流
 

include/l_lang.h

@@ -7,9 +7,12 @@
 
 // === 类型系统 ===
 typedef enum {
+    TYPE_I32,
     TYPE_I64,
+    TYPE_U64,
     TYPE_F64,
     TYPE_BOOL,
+    TYPE_CHAR,
     TYPE_STR,
     TYPE_VOID,
     TYPE_STRUCT,    // 结构体类型
@@ -21,9 +24,12 @@ typedef enum {
 
 static inline const char* type_name(TypeKind kind) {
     switch (kind) {
+        case TYPE_I32:  return "i32";
         case TYPE_I64:  return "i64";
+        case TYPE_U64:  return "u64";
         case TYPE_F64:  return "f64";
         case TYPE_BOOL: return "bool";
+        case TYPE_CHAR: return "char";
         case TYPE_STR:  return "str";
         case TYPE_VOID:   return "void";
         case TYPE_STRUCT: return "struct";

src/ast/ast.c

@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ AstNode* ast_make_unary(void* alloc, BinaryOp op, AstNode* operand, SourceLoc lo
     return n;
 }
 
-AstNode* ast_make_call(void* alloc, const char* name, AstNode** args, size_t count, SourceLoc loc) {
+AstNode* ast_make_call(void* alloc, const char* name, AstNode** args, const char** arg_names, size_t count, SourceLoc loc) {
     NEW(alloc, AST_CALL_EXPR);
-    n->as.call.name = name; n->as.call.args = args; n->as.call.arg_count = count;
+    n->as.call.name = name; n->as.call.args = args; n->as.call.arg_names = arg_names; n->as.call.arg_count = count;
     return n;
 }
 
@@ -137,6 +137,13 @@ AstNode* ast_make_literal_bool(void* alloc, bool val, SourceLoc loc) {
     return n;
 }
 
+AstNode* ast_make_literal_char(void* alloc, int val, SourceLoc loc) {
+    NEW(alloc, AST_LITERAL_EXPR);
+    n->as.literal.lit_type = TYPE_CHAR; n->as.literal.i64_val = val;
+    n->type.kind = TYPE_CHAR;
+    return n;
+}
+
 AstNode* ast_make_literal_str(void* alloc, const char* val, SourceLoc loc) {
     NEW(alloc, AST_LITERAL_EXPR);
     n->as.literal.lit_type = TYPE_STR; n->as.literal.str_val = val;
@@ -235,11 +242,12 @@ AstNode* ast_make_impl_block(void* alloc, const char* struct_name, AstNode** met
 }
 
 AstNode* ast_make_method_call(void* alloc, AstNode* receiver, const char* method,
-                              AstNode** args, size_t count, SourceLoc loc) {
+                              AstNode** args, const char** arg_names, size_t count, SourceLoc loc) {
     NEW(alloc, AST_METHOD_CALL);
     n->as.method_call.receiver = receiver;
     n->as.method_call.method_name = method;
     n->as.method_call.args = args;
+    n->as.method_call.arg_names = arg_names;
     n->as.method_call.arg_count = count;
     return n;
 }

src/ast/ast.h

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ struct AstNode {
         // AST_UNARY_EXPR
         struct { BinaryOp op; struct AstNode* operand; } unary;
         // AST_CALL_EXPR
-        struct { const char* name; struct AstNode** args; size_t arg_count; } call;
+        struct { const char* name; struct AstNode** args; const char** arg_names; size_t arg_count; } call;
         // AST_LITERAL_EXPR
         struct { TypeKind lit_type; union { int64_t i64_val; double f64_val; bool bool_val; const char* str_val; }; } literal;
         // AST_IDENT_EXPR
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ struct AstNode {
         // AST_IMPL_BLOCK
         struct { const char* struct_name; struct AstNode** methods; size_t method_count; } impl_block;
         // AST_METHOD_CALL
-        struct { struct AstNode* receiver; const char* method_name; struct AstNode** args; size_t arg_count; } method_call;
+        struct { struct AstNode* receiver; const char* method_name; struct AstNode** args; const char** arg_names; size_t arg_count; } method_call;
     } as;
 };
 
@@ -138,10 +138,11 @@ AstNode* ast_make_return(void* alloc, AstNode* expr, SourceLoc loc);
 AstNode* ast_make_expr_stmt(void* alloc, AstNode* expr, SourceLoc loc);
 AstNode* ast_make_binary(void* alloc, BinaryOp op, AstNode* left, AstNode* right, SourceLoc loc);
 AstNode* ast_make_unary(void* alloc, BinaryOp op, AstNode* operand, SourceLoc loc);
-AstNode* ast_make_call(void* alloc, const char* name, AstNode** args, size_t count, SourceLoc loc);
+AstNode* ast_make_call(void* alloc, const char* name, AstNode** args, const char** arg_names, size_t count, SourceLoc loc);
 AstNode* ast_make_literal_i64(void* alloc, int64_t val, SourceLoc loc);
 AstNode* ast_make_literal_f64(void* alloc, double val, SourceLoc loc);
 AstNode* ast_make_literal_bool(void* alloc, bool val, SourceLoc loc);
+AstNode* ast_make_literal_char(void* alloc, int val, SourceLoc loc);
 AstNode* ast_make_literal_str(void* alloc, const char* val, SourceLoc loc);
 AstNode* ast_make_ident(void* alloc, const char* name, SourceLoc loc);
 AstNode* ast_make_struct_decl(void* alloc, const char* name, AstNode** fields, size_t count, SourceLoc loc);
@@ -154,6 +155,6 @@ AstNode* ast_make_enum_variant(void* alloc, const char* enum_name, const char* v
 AstNode* ast_make_index_expr(void* alloc, AstNode* array, AstNode* index, SourceLoc loc);
 AstNode* ast_make_array_assign(void* alloc, const char* name, AstNode* index, AstNode* value, SourceLoc loc);
 AstNode* ast_make_impl_block(void* alloc, const char* struct_name, AstNode** methods, size_t count, SourceLoc loc);
-AstNode* ast_make_method_call(void* alloc, AstNode* receiver, const char* method, AstNode** args, size_t count, SourceLoc loc);
+AstNode* ast_make_method_call(void* alloc, AstNode* receiver, const char* method, AstNode** args, const char** arg_names, size_t count, SourceLoc loc);
 
 #endif

src/codegen/codegen.c

@@ -59,9 +59,12 @@ typedef struct {
 // === 类型映射（需要 Context）===
 static LLVMTypeRef to_llvm_type(CgCtx* ctx, TypeKind kind) {
     switch (kind) {
+        case TYPE_I32:  return LLVMInt32TypeInContext(ctx->context);
         case TYPE_I64:  return LLVMInt64TypeInContext(ctx->context);
+        case TYPE_U64:  return LLVMInt64TypeInContext(ctx->context);
         case TYPE_F64:  return LLVMDoubleTypeInContext(ctx->context);
         case TYPE_BOOL: return LLVMInt1TypeInContext(ctx->context);
+        case TYPE_CHAR: return LLVMInt8TypeInContext(ctx->context);
         case TYPE_STR:  return LLVMPointerType(LLVMInt8TypeInContext(ctx->context), 0);
         case TYPE_STRUCT:
         case TYPE_ENUM:  return LLVMInt64TypeInContext(ctx->context);
@@ -73,7 +76,10 @@ static LLVMTypeRef to_llvm_type(CgCtx* ctx, TypeKind kind) {
 
 static LLVMValueRef to_llvm_const(LLVMTypeRef ty, AstNode* lit) {
     switch (lit->as.literal.lit_type) {
+        case TYPE_I32:
         case TYPE_I64:  return LLVMConstInt(ty, (unsigned long long)lit->as.literal.i64_val, true);
+        case TYPE_U64:  return LLVMConstInt(ty, (unsigned long long)lit->as.literal.i64_val, false);
+        case TYPE_CHAR: return LLVMConstInt(ty, (unsigned long long)lit->as.literal.i64_val, false);
         case TYPE_F64:  return LLVMConstReal(ty, lit->as.literal.f64_val);
         case TYPE_BOOL: return LLVMConstInt(ty, lit->as.literal.bool_val ? 1 : 0, false);
         default:        return NULL;
@@ -127,6 +133,18 @@ static LLVMTypeRef find_struct_type(CgCtx* ctx, const char* name) {
     return NULL;
 }
 
+// 将整数值强制转换到目标 LLVM 类型（sext/zext/trunc）
+static LLVMValueRef coerce_int(CgCtx* ctx, LLVMValueRef val,
+                                LLVMTypeRef from_ty, LLVMTypeRef to_ty) {
+    if (from_ty == to_ty) return val;
+    int from_w = LLVMGetIntTypeWidth(from_ty);
+    int to_w   = LLVMGetIntTypeWidth(to_ty);
+    if (from_w < to_w)
+        return LLVMBuildSExt(ctx->builder, val, to_ty, "sext");
+    else
+        return LLVMBuildTrunc(ctx->builder, val, to_ty, "trunc");
+}
+
 // 从 TypeInfo 生成 LLVM 类型（支持数组、结构体等复合类型）
 static LLVMTypeRef type_info_to_llvm(CgCtx* ctx, const TypeInfo* ti) {
     switch (ti->kind) {
@@ -271,6 +289,8 @@ static LLVMValueRef codegen_expr(CgCtx* ctx, AstNode* node) {
         if (strcmp(node->as.call.name, "print_i64") == 0) {
             LLVMValueRef arg = codegen_expr(ctx, node->as.call.args[0]);
             if (!arg) return NULL;
+            LLVMTypeRef i64_ty = LLVMInt64TypeInContext(ctx->context);
+            arg = coerce_int(ctx, arg, LLVMTypeOf(arg), i64_ty);
             LLVMValueRef fmt = LLVMBuildGlobalStringPtr(ctx->builder, "%lld\n", "fmt_i64");
             LLVMValueRef printf_args[] = { fmt, arg };
             return LLVMBuildCall2(ctx->builder, ctx->printf_ty, ctx->printf_fn,
@@ -492,6 +512,12 @@ static void codegen_stmt(CgCtx* ctx, AstNode* node) {
         // 尝试生成 init 值；数组类型可能 init 失败 (自引用占位符)
         LLVMValueRef init_val = codegen_expr(ctx, node->as.let_stmt.init);
         if (init_val) {
+            // 若 init LLVM 类型与 alloca 类型不同，强制转换（如 i64→i32）
+            LLVMTypeRef init_ty = LLVMTypeOf(init_val);
+            if (init_ty != var_type && LLVMGetTypeKind(init_ty) == LLVMIntegerTypeKind
+                && LLVMGetTypeKind(var_type) == LLVMIntegerTypeKind) {
+                init_val = coerce_int(ctx, init_val, init_ty, var_type);
+            }
             LLVMBuildStore(ctx->builder, init_val, alloca);
         } else if (node->type.kind == TYPE_ARRAY) {
             // 数组声明: init 失败是预期的 (自引用), 存储零初始化

src/lexer/lexer.c

@@ -56,13 +56,14 @@ static TokenKind check_keyword(const Token* tok) {
     #define KW(s, k) if (tok->length == sizeof(s)-1 && memcmp(tok->start, s, sizeof(s)-1) == 0) return k
     KW("fn",     TOK_FN);     KW("let",    TOK_LET);
     KW("var",    TOK_VAR);
-    KW("if",     TOK_IF);     KW("else",   TOK_ELSE);
+    KW("if",     TOK_IF);     KW("else",   TOK_ELSE);  KW("guard",  TOK_GUARD);
     KW("while",  TOK_WHILE);  KW("for",    TOK_FOR);  KW("in",     TOK_IN);
     KW("to",     TOK_TO);
 	    KW("return", TOK_RETURN);
-    KW("i64",    TOK_I64);    KW("f64",    TOK_F64);
+    KW("i32",    TOK_I32);    KW("i64",    TOK_I64);
-    KW("bool",   TOK_BOOL);   KW("str",    TOK_STR);
+    KW("u64",    TOK_U64);    KW("f64",    TOK_F64);
-    KW("void",   TOK_VOID);
+    KW("bool",   TOK_BOOL);   KW("char",   TOK_CHAR);
+    KW("str",    TOK_STR);    KW("void",   TOK_VOID);
     KW("struct", TOK_STRUCT); KW("type", TOK_TYPE);
     KW("enum", TOK_ENUM);  KW("extend", TOK_EXTEND);  KW("match", TOK_MATCH);
     KW("_", TOK_UNDERSCORE);
@@ -101,6 +102,19 @@ Token* lex(Arena* a, const char* source, const char* filename,
         char c = peek(&l);
 
         if (isdigit(c)) { tokens[idx++] = lex_number(&l); }
+        else if (c == '\'') {
+            advance(&l);  // 跳过开头的 '
+            int char_start = l.pos;
+            if (peek(&l) == '\\') advance(&l);  // 转义字符: \n \t \\ \'
+            advance(&l);  // 跳过字符内容
+            if (peek(&l) != '\'') {
+                *error = (ErrorInfo){.message="未闭合的字符字面量", .filename=filename, .line=line, .col=col};
+                return NULL;
+            }
+            int char_len = l.pos - char_start;
+            advance(&l);  // 跳过结尾的 '
+            tokens[idx++] = make_token(&l, TOK_CHAR_LIT, char_start, char_len);
+        }
         else if (c == '"') {
             advance(&l);  // 跳过开头的 "
             int start = l.pos;
@@ -137,6 +151,7 @@ Token* lex(Arena* a, const char* source, const char* filename,
         else if (c == '>' && peek_next(&l) == '=') { tokens[idx++] = make_token(&l, TOK_GT_EQ, l.pos, 2); advance(&l); advance(&l); }
         else if (c == '>') { tokens[idx++] = make_token(&l, TOK_GT, l.pos, 1); advance(&l); }
         else if (c == '&' && peek_next(&l) == '&') { tokens[idx++] = make_token(&l, TOK_AND_AND, l.pos, 2); advance(&l); advance(&l); }
+        else if (c == '|' && peek_next(&l) == '>') { tokens[idx++] = make_token(&l, TOK_PIPE, l.pos, 2); advance(&l); advance(&l); }
         else if (c == '|' && peek_next(&l) == '|') { tokens[idx++] = make_token(&l, TOK_PIPE_PIPE, l.pos, 2); advance(&l); advance(&l); }
         else if (c == '.') { tokens[idx++] = make_token(&l, TOK_DOT, l.pos, 1); advance(&l); }
         else if (c == '[') { tokens[idx++] = make_token(&l, TOK_LBRACKET, l.pos, 1); advance(&l); }

src/lexer/token.c

@@ -5,19 +5,21 @@
 #include <inttypes.h>
 
 static const char* NAMES[] = {
-    [TOK_FN] = "fn", [TOK_LET] = "let", [TOK_VAR] = "var", [TOK_IF] = "if",
+    [TOK_FN] = "fn", [TOK_LET] = "let", [TOK_VAR] = "var", [TOK_IF] = "if", [TOK_GUARD] = "guard",
     [TOK_ELSE] = "else", [TOK_WHILE] = "while", [TOK_FOR] = "for", [TOK_IN] = "in", [TOK_RETURN] = "return",
     [TOK_STRUCT] = "struct", [TOK_TYPE] = "type", [TOK_ENUM] = "enum", [TOK_EXTEND] = "extend",
     [TOK_MATCH] = "match",
-    [TOK_I64] = "i64", [TOK_F64] = "f64", [TOK_BOOL] = "bool", [TOK_STR] = "str", [TOK_VOID] = "void",
+    [TOK_I32] = "i32", [TOK_I64] = "i64", [TOK_U64] = "u64", [TOK_F64] = "f64",
-    [TOK_INT_LIT] = "整数", [TOK_FLOAT_LIT] = "浮点数", [TOK_STR_LIT] = "字符串",
+    [TOK_BOOL] = "bool", [TOK_CHAR] = "char", [TOK_STR] = "str", [TOK_VOID] = "void",
+    [TOK_INT_LIT] = "整数", [TOK_FLOAT_LIT] = "浮点数",
+    [TOK_CHAR_LIT] = "字符", [TOK_STR_LIT] = "字符串",
     [TOK_TRUE] = "true", [TOK_FALSE] = "false",
     [TOK_IDENT] = "标识符", [TOK_UNDERSCORE] = "_",
     [TOK_PLUS] = "+", [TOK_MINUS] = "-", [TOK_STAR] = "*",
     [TOK_SLASH] = "/", [TOK_PERCENT] = "%",
     [TOK_EQ_EQ] = "==", [TOK_BANG_EQ] = "!=",
     [TOK_LT] = "<", [TOK_GT] = ">", [TOK_LT_EQ] = "<=", [TOK_GT_EQ] = ">=",
-    [TOK_AND_AND] = "&&", [TOK_PIPE_PIPE] = "||", [TOK_BANG] = "!",
+    [TOK_AND_AND] = "&&", [TOK_PIPE_PIPE] = "||", [TOK_PIPE] = "|>", [TOK_BANG] = "!",
     [TOK_ARROW] = "->", [TOK_TO] = "to", [TOK_MATCH_ARROW] = "=>",
     [TOK_PLUS_EQ] = "+=", [TOK_MINUS_EQ] = "-=", [TOK_STAR_EQ] = "*=", [TOK_SLASH_EQ] = "/=",
     [TOK_LPAREN] = "(", [TOK_RPAREN] = ")",
@@ -34,7 +36,9 @@ const char* tok_name(TokenKind kind) {
 }
 
 bool tok_is_type(TokenKind kind) {
-    return kind == TOK_I64 || kind == TOK_F64 || kind == TOK_BOOL || kind == TOK_STR || kind == TOK_VOID;
+    return kind == TOK_I32 || kind == TOK_I64 || kind == TOK_U64
+        || kind == TOK_F64 || kind == TOK_BOOL || kind == TOK_CHAR
+        || kind == TOK_STR || kind == TOK_VOID;
 }
 
 int64_t tok_int_value(const Token* tok) {

src/lexer/token.h

@@ -6,18 +6,18 @@
 // === Token 类型枚举 ===
 typedef enum {
     // 关键字
-    TOK_FN, TOK_LET, TOK_VAR, TOK_IF, TOK_ELSE, TOK_WHILE, TOK_FOR, TOK_IN, TOK_RETURN,
+    TOK_FN, TOK_LET, TOK_VAR, TOK_IF, TOK_ELSE, TOK_WHILE, TOK_FOR, TOK_IN, TOK_RETURN, TOK_GUARD,
     TOK_STRUCT, TOK_TYPE, TOK_ENUM, TOK_EXTEND, TOK_MATCH,
     // 类型关键字
-    TOK_I64, TOK_F64, TOK_BOOL, TOK_STR, TOK_VOID,
+    TOK_I32, TOK_I64, TOK_U64, TOK_F64, TOK_BOOL, TOK_CHAR, TOK_STR, TOK_VOID,
     // 字面量
-    TOK_INT_LIT, TOK_FLOAT_LIT, TOK_TRUE, TOK_FALSE, TOK_STR_LIT,
+    TOK_INT_LIT, TOK_FLOAT_LIT, TOK_CHAR_LIT, TOK_TRUE, TOK_FALSE, TOK_STR_LIT,
     // 标识符
     TOK_IDENT, TOK_UNDERSCORE,
     // 运算符
     TOK_PLUS, TOK_MINUS, TOK_STAR, TOK_SLASH, TOK_PERCENT,
     TOK_EQ_EQ, TOK_BANG_EQ, TOK_LT, TOK_GT, TOK_LT_EQ, TOK_GT_EQ,
-    TOK_AND_AND, TOK_PIPE_PIPE, TOK_BANG,
+    TOK_AND_AND, TOK_PIPE_PIPE, TOK_PIPE, TOK_BANG,
     TOK_ARROW, TOK_TO, TOK_MATCH_ARROW,
     TOK_PLUS_EQ, TOK_MINUS_EQ, TOK_STAR_EQ, TOK_SLASH_EQ,
     // 分隔符

src/parser/parser.c

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ static const Token* expect(Parser* p, TokenKind k, ErrorInfo* e, const char* msg
 // === 运算符优先级定义 ===
 typedef enum {
     PREC_NONE = 0,
+    PREC_PIPE = 10,
     PREC_OR = 20,
     PREC_AND = 30,
     PREC_COMPARE = 40,
@@ -89,17 +90,59 @@ static AstNode* parse_group(Parser* p, ErrorInfo* error) {
     return expr;
 }
 
-static AstNode* parse_literal(Parser* p) {
+static AstNode* parse_literal(Parser* p, ErrorInfo* error) {
     const Token* t = advance(p);
     switch (t->kind) {
         case TOK_INT_LIT:   return ast_make_literal_i64(p->arena, tok_int_value(t), tok_loc(t));
         case TOK_FLOAT_LIT: return ast_make_literal_f64(p->arena, tok_float_value(t), tok_loc(t));
+        case TOK_CHAR_LIT: {
+            int64_t val = 0;
+            if (t->length >= 2 && t->start[0] == '\\') {
+                switch (t->start[1]) {
+                    case 'n': val = '\n'; break;
+                    case 't': val = '\t'; break;
+                    case '\\': val = '\\'; break;
+                    case '\'': val = '\''; break;
+                    default: val = t->start[1]; break;
+                }
+            } else {
+                val = (unsigned char)t->start[0];
+            }
+            return ast_make_literal_char(p->arena, (int)val, tok_loc(t));
+        }
         case TOK_TRUE:      return ast_make_literal_bool(p->arena, true, tok_loc(t));
         case TOK_FALSE:     return ast_make_literal_bool(p->arena, false, tok_loc(t));
         case TOK_STR_LIT: {
             char* str = arena_alloc_impl(p->arena, t->length + 1);
             memcpy(str, t->start, t->length);
             str[t->length] = '\0';
+            // 字符串插值: "Hello, \(name)!" → "Hello, " + name + "!"
+            char* interp = strstr(str, "\\(");
+            if (interp) {
+                *interp = '\0';  // 截断前半部分
+                char* pre = str;
+                char* expr_start = interp + 2;  // 跳过 \(
+                char* close = strchr(expr_start, ')');
+                if (!close) {
+                    error->message = "字符串插值缺少 ')'"; error->filename = p->filename;
+                    error->line = t->line; error->col = t->col; return NULL;
+                }
+                *close = '\0';
+                char* post = close + 1;
+                // 生成: pre + expr + post
+                AstNode* result = ast_make_literal_str(p->arena,
+                    arena_strdup_impl(p->arena, pre, strlen(pre)), tok_loc(t));
+                // 将插值表达式按标识符解析
+                AstNode* expr = ast_make_ident(p->arena,
+                    arena_strdup_impl(p->arena, expr_start, strlen(expr_start)), tok_loc(t));
+                result = ast_make_binary(p->arena, OP_ADD, result, expr, tok_loc(t));
+                if (post[0] != '\0') {
+                    AstNode* post_str = ast_make_literal_str(p->arena,
+                        arena_strdup_impl(p->arena, post, strlen(post)), tok_loc(t));
+                    result = ast_make_binary(p->arena, OP_ADD, result, post_str, tok_loc(t));
+                }
+                return result;
+            }
             return ast_make_literal_str(p->arena, str, tok_loc(t));
         }
         default: return NULL;
@@ -170,12 +213,25 @@ static AstNode* parse_ident_or_call(Parser* p, ErrorInfo* error) {
 
     // 函数调用: name(...)
     if (match(p, TOK_LPAREN)) {
-        AstNode* args[16]; int arg_count = 0;
+        AstNode* args[16]; const char* arg_names[16]; int arg_count = 0;
+        bool seen_named = false;
         while (peek(p)->kind != TOK_RPAREN && !error->message) {
             if (arg_count >= 16) {
                 error->message = "函数参数过多"; error->filename = p->filename;
                 error->line = peek(p)->line; error->col = peek(p)->col; return NULL;
             }
+            // 命名参数: name: expr
+            if (peek(p)->kind == TOK_IDENT && (p->tokens[p->pos + 1].kind == TOK_COLON)) {
+                const Token* aname = advance(p); advance(p);  // 跳过标识符和 ':'
+                arg_names[arg_count] = arena_strdup_impl(p->arena, aname->start, aname->length);
+                seen_named = true;
+            } else {
+                if (seen_named) {
+                    error->message = "命名参数必须放在位置参数之后"; error->filename = p->filename;
+                    error->line = peek(p)->line; error->col = peek(p)->col; return NULL;
+                }
+                arg_names[arg_count] = NULL;
+            }
             args[arg_count] = parse_expr(p, error);
             if (!args[arg_count]) return NULL;
             arg_count++;
@@ -185,8 +241,11 @@ static AstNode* parse_ident_or_call(Parser* p, ErrorInfo* error) {
         if (!expect(p, TOK_RPAREN, error, "缺少 ')'")) return NULL;
         AstNode** arg_arr = arena_alloc_impl(p->arena, arg_count * sizeof(AstNode*));
         memcpy(arg_arr, args, arg_count * sizeof(AstNode*));
+        const char** name_arr = seen_named
+            ? memcpy(arena_alloc_impl(p->arena, arg_count * sizeof(const char*)), arg_names, arg_count * sizeof(const char*))
+            : NULL;
         return ast_make_call(p->arena, arena_strdup_impl(p->arena, name->start, name->length),
-                            arg_arr, arg_count, tok_loc(name));
+                            arg_arr, name_arr, arg_count, tok_loc(name));
     }
     return ast_make_ident(p->arena,
         arena_strdup_impl(p->arena, name->start, name->length),
@@ -204,9 +263,10 @@ static AstNode* parse_expr_prec(Parser* p, Precedence min_prec, ErrorInfo* error
     } else if (tok->kind == TOK_LPAREN) {
         left = parse_group(p, error);
     } else if (tok->kind == TOK_INT_LIT || tok->kind == TOK_FLOAT_LIT ||
+               tok->kind == TOK_CHAR_LIT ||
                tok->kind == TOK_TRUE || tok->kind == TOK_FALSE ||
                tok->kind == TOK_STR_LIT) {
-        left = parse_literal(p);
+        left = parse_literal(p, error);
     } else if (tok->kind == TOK_IDENT) {
         left = parse_ident_or_call(p, error);
     } else {
@@ -220,6 +280,33 @@ static AstNode* parse_expr_prec(Parser* p, Precedence min_prec, ErrorInfo* error
     while (!error->message) {
         TokenKind kind = peek(p)->kind;
 
+        // 管道: expr |> func(args...)  →  func(args..., expr)
+        if (kind == TOK_PIPE) {
+            Precedence prec = PREC_PIPE;
+            if (prec <= min_prec) break;
+            const Token* op = advance(p);
+            // RHS 必须是函数调用（不带管道时解析）
+            AstNode* right = parse_expr_prec(p, prec, error);
+            if (!right) return NULL;
+            if (right->kind != AST_CALL_EXPR) {
+                error->message = "管道右侧必须是函数调用"; error->filename = p->filename;
+                error->line = op->line; error->col = op->col;
+                return NULL;
+            }
+            // 将 left 作为第一个参数插入（F#/Elixir 风格）
+            if (right->as.call.arg_count >= 16) {
+                error->message = "管道参数过多"; error->filename = p->filename;
+                error->line = op->line; error->col = op->col; return NULL;
+            }
+            AstNode** new_args = arena_alloc_impl(p->arena, (right->as.call.arg_count + 1) * sizeof(AstNode*));
+            new_args[0] = left;
+            memcpy(new_args + 1, right->as.call.args, right->as.call.arg_count * sizeof(AstNode*));
+            right->as.call.args = new_args;
+            right->as.call.arg_count++;
+            left = right;
+            continue;
+        }
+
         // 后置字段访问: expr.field 或 expr.method(args)
         if (kind == TOK_DOT) {
             advance(p);  // 跳过 '.'
@@ -229,9 +316,18 @@ static AstNode* parse_expr_prec(Parser* p, Precedence min_prec, ErrorInfo* error
             // 方法调用: expr.method(args)
             if (peek(p)->kind == TOK_LPAREN) {
                 advance(p);  // 跳过 '('
-                AstNode* args[16]; int arg_count = 0;
+                AstNode* args[16]; const char* arg_names[16]; int arg_count = 0;
+                bool seen_named = false;
                 while (peek(p)->kind != TOK_RPAREN && !error->message) {
                     if (arg_count >= 16) { error->message = "参数过多"; error->filename = p->filename; error->line = peek(p)->line; error->col = peek(p)->col; return NULL; }
+                    if (peek(p)->kind == TOK_IDENT && (p->tokens[p->pos + 1].kind == TOK_COLON)) {
+                        const Token* aname = advance(p); advance(p);
+                        arg_names[arg_count] = arena_strdup_impl(p->arena, aname->start, aname->length);
+                        seen_named = true;
+                    } else {
+                        if (seen_named) { error->message = "命名参数必须放在位置参数之后"; error->filename = p->filename; error->line = peek(p)->line; error->col = peek(p)->col; return NULL; }
+                        arg_names[arg_count] = NULL;
+                    }
                     args[arg_count] = parse_expr(p, error);
                     if (!args[arg_count]) return NULL;
                     arg_count++;
@@ -240,7 +336,10 @@ static AstNode* parse_expr_prec(Parser* p, Precedence min_prec, ErrorInfo* error
                 if (!expect(p, TOK_RPAREN, error, "缺少 ')'")) return NULL;
                 AstNode** arg_arr = arena_alloc_impl(p->arena, arg_count * sizeof(AstNode*));
                 memcpy(arg_arr, args, arg_count * sizeof(AstNode*));
-                left = ast_make_method_call(p->arena, left, member_name, arg_arr, arg_count, tok_loc(field));
+                const char** name_arr = seen_named
+                    ? memcpy(arena_alloc_impl(p->arena, arg_count * sizeof(const char*)), arg_names, arg_count * sizeof(const char*))
+                    : NULL;
+                left = ast_make_method_call(p->arena, left, member_name, arg_arr, name_arr, arg_count, tok_loc(field));
             } else {
                 left = ast_make_field_access(p->arena, left, member_name, tok_loc(field));
             }
@@ -276,9 +375,16 @@ static AstNode* parse_expr(Parser* p, ErrorInfo* error) {
 
 // === 类型工具 ===
 static TypeKind token_to_type(TokenKind k) {
-    switch (k) { case TOK_I64: return TYPE_I64; case TOK_F64: return TYPE_F64;
+    switch (k) {
-                 case TOK_BOOL: return TYPE_BOOL; case TOK_STR: return TYPE_STR;
+        case TOK_I32:  return TYPE_I32;
-                 default: return TYPE_VOID; }
+        case TOK_I64:  return TYPE_I64;
+        case TOK_U64:  return TYPE_U64;
+        case TOK_F64:  return TYPE_F64;
+        case TOK_BOOL: return TYPE_BOOL;
+        case TOK_CHAR: return TYPE_CHAR;
+        case TOK_STR:  return TYPE_STR;
+        default:       return TYPE_VOID;
+    }
 }
 
 // === 类型表达式解析（内置类型/结构体名/数组类型）===
@@ -598,6 +704,19 @@ static AstNode* parse_statement(Parser* p, ErrorInfo* error) {
         return parse_match_stmt(p, error);
     }
 
+    if (t->kind == TOK_GUARD) {
+        // guard expr else { ... }  →  if !(expr) { ... }
+        const Token* guard_tok = advance(p);
+        AstNode* cond = parse_expr(p, error);
+        if (!cond) return NULL;
+        if (!expect(p, TOK_ELSE, error, "guard 缺少 'else'")) return NULL;
+        AstNode* body = parse_block(p, error);
+        if (!body) return NULL;
+        // 去糖: if !cond { body }
+        AstNode* not_cond = ast_make_unary(p->arena, OP_NOT, cond, tok_loc(guard_tok));
+        return ast_make_if(p->arena, not_cond, body, NULL, tok_loc(guard_tok));
+    }
+
     if (t->kind == TOK_RETURN) {
         advance(p);
         if (match(p, TOK_SEMICOLON)) {

src/sema/sema.c

@@ -10,13 +10,38 @@ static TypeKind promote(TypeKind a, TypeKind b) {
     // 枚举在算术运算中视为 i64
     if (a == TYPE_ENUM) a = TYPE_I64;
     if (b == TYPE_ENUM) b = TYPE_I64;
+    // char 在算术中提升为 i32
+    if (a == TYPE_CHAR) a = TYPE_I32;
+    if (b == TYPE_CHAR) b = TYPE_I32;
     if (a == TYPE_F64 || b == TYPE_F64) return TYPE_F64;
     if (a == TYPE_I64 || b == TYPE_I64) return TYPE_I64;
+    if (a == TYPE_U64 || b == TYPE_U64) return TYPE_U64;
+    if (a == TYPE_I32 || b == TYPE_I32) return TYPE_I32;
     if (a == TYPE_BOOL || b == TYPE_BOOL) return TYPE_BOOL;
     return TYPE_ERROR;
 }
 
-static bool is_numeric(TypeKind t) { return t == TYPE_I64 || t == TYPE_F64 || t == TYPE_ENUM; }
+static bool is_numeric(TypeKind t) {
+    return t == TYPE_I32 || t == TYPE_I64 || t == TYPE_U64
+        || t == TYPE_F64 || t == TYPE_CHAR || t == TYPE_ENUM;
+}
+// 隐式类型转换规则: 无损加宽允许，有符号→无符号不允许
+static bool can_implicit_convert(TypeKind from, TypeKind to) {
+    if (from == to) return true;
+    // 枚举视为 i64
+    if (from == TYPE_ENUM) from = TYPE_I64;
+    if (to == TYPE_ENUM)  to   = TYPE_I64;
+    // char 可转为任意整数
+    if (from == TYPE_CHAR) return to == TYPE_I32 || to == TYPE_I64 || to == TYPE_U64 || to == TYPE_F64;
+    // i32 可加宽
+    if (from == TYPE_I32) return to == TYPE_I64 || to == TYPE_F64;
+    // i64 可转 f64
+    if (from == TYPE_I64) return to == TYPE_F64;
+    // u64 ↔ i64 双向允许（同一位宽，LLVM 同类型）
+    if (from == TYPE_U64) return to == TYPE_F64 || to == TYPE_I64;
+    if (from == TYPE_I64) return to == TYPE_F64 || to == TYPE_U64;
+    return false;
+}
 static bool is_comparable(TypeKind a, TypeKind b) {
     if (a == b) return true;
     // 枚举可以参与整数比较
@@ -166,6 +191,34 @@ static void analyze_expr(AstNode* node, Scope* scope, ErrorList* errors, Arena*
             }
             break;
         }
+        // 命名参数重排序: 将命名 arg 按参数名映射到正确位置
+        if (node->as.call.arg_names) {
+            AstNode* reordered[16] = {0};
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < node->as.call.arg_count; i++) {
+                if (node->as.call.arg_names[i]) {
+                    // 查找参数名匹配
+                    bool found = false;
+                    for (size_t j = 0; j < sym->param_count; j++) {
+                        if (sym->param_names && sym->param_names[j] &&
+                            strcmp(node->as.call.arg_names[i], sym->param_names[j]) == 0) {
+                            reordered[j] = node->as.call.args[i];
+                            found = true; break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (!found) {
+                        error_add(errors, "<sema>", node->loc.line, node->loc.col,
+                                  "函数 '%s' 没有名为 '%s' 的参数",
+                                  node->as.call.name, node->as.call.arg_names[i]);
+                        node->type.kind = TYPE_ERROR; return;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // 位置参数保持原位
+                    reordered[i] = node->as.call.args[i];
+                }
+            }
+            // 填充未指定的命名参数（用 NULL 跳过，后续检查会报错）
+            memcpy(node->as.call.args, reordered, node->as.call.arg_count * sizeof(AstNode*));
+        }
         for (size_t i = 0; i < node->as.call.arg_count; i++) {
             analyze_expr(node->as.call.args[i], scope, errors, a);
             TypeKind actual = node->as.call.args[i]->type.kind;
@@ -184,7 +237,10 @@ static void analyze_expr(AstNode* node, Scope* scope, ErrorList* errors, Arena*
                                   actual_name ? actual_name : type_name(actual));
                     }
                 } else if (actual != expected &&
-                           !(expected == TYPE_I64 && actual == TYPE_ENUM)) {
+                           !(expected == TYPE_I64 && actual == TYPE_ENUM) &&
+                           !can_implicit_convert(actual, expected) &&
+                           !(actual == TYPE_I64 && node->as.call.args[i]->kind == AST_LITERAL_EXPR
+                             && (expected == TYPE_I32 || expected == TYPE_U64 || expected == TYPE_CHAR))) {
                     error_add(errors, "<sema>", node->loc.line, node->loc.col,
                               "参数 %zu 类型不匹配: 期望 '%s'，得到 '%s'",
                               i + 1, type_name(expected), type_name(actual));
@@ -374,13 +430,39 @@ static void analyze_expr(AstNode* node, Scope* scope, ErrorList* errors, Arena*
                       node->as.method_call.arg_count);
             node->type.kind = TYPE_ERROR; break;
         }
+        // 命名参数重排序（同 CALL_EXPR 逻辑）
+        if (node->as.method_call.arg_names) {
+            AstNode* reordered[16] = {0};
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < node->as.method_call.arg_count; i++) {
+                if (node->as.method_call.arg_names[i]) {
+                    bool found = false;
+                    for (size_t j = 1; j < sym->param_count; j++) {  // skip self
+                        if (sym->param_names && sym->param_names[j] &&
+                            strcmp(node->as.method_call.arg_names[i], sym->param_names[j]) == 0) {
+                            reordered[j - 1] = node->as.method_call.args[i];
+                            found = true; break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (!found) {
+                        error_add(errors, "<sema>", node->loc.line, node->loc.col,
+                                  "方法 '%s' 没有名为 '%s' 的参数",
+                                  node->as.method_call.method_name, node->as.method_call.arg_names[i]);
+                        node->type.kind = TYPE_ERROR; return;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    reordered[i] = node->as.method_call.args[i];
+                }
+            }
+            memcpy(node->as.method_call.args, reordered, node->as.method_call.arg_count * sizeof(AstNode*));
+        }
         // 对每个参数进行类型检查（跳过 self 参数，即 sym->param_types[0] 是 self 的类型）
         for (size_t i = 0; i < node->as.method_call.arg_count; i++) {
             analyze_expr(node->as.method_call.args[i], scope, errors, a);
             TypeKind actual = node->as.method_call.args[i]->type.kind;
             TypeKind expected = sym->param_types[i + 1];
             if (actual != TYPE_ERROR && actual != expected &&
-                !(expected == TYPE_I64 && actual == TYPE_ENUM)) {
+                !(expected == TYPE_I64 && actual == TYPE_ENUM) &&
+                !can_implicit_convert(actual, expected)) {
                 if (expected == TYPE_STRUCT) {
                     // 结构体类型参数：比较具体类型名
                     const char* actual_name = node->as.method_call.args[i]->type.struct_name;
@@ -501,10 +583,12 @@ static void analyze_node(AstNode* node, Scope* scope, ErrorList* errors, Arena*
         for (size_t i = 0; i < node->as.program.fn_count; i++) {
             AstNode* fn = node->as.program.functions[i];
             TypeKind* pts = (TypeKind*)arena_alloc_impl(a, fn->as.function.param_count * sizeof(TypeKind));
+            const char** pnames = (const char**)arena_alloc_impl(a, fn->as.function.param_count * sizeof(const char*));
             const char** pstruct_names = (const char**)arena_alloc_impl(a, fn->as.function.param_count * sizeof(const char*));
             for (size_t j = 0; j < fn->as.function.param_count; j++) {
                 TypeKind pt = fn->as.function.params[j]->as.parameter.type;
                 const char* psn = fn->as.function.params[j]->as.parameter.struct_type_name;
+                const char* pn  = fn->as.function.params[j]->as.parameter.name;
                 // 解析参数类型的别名
                 if (psn) {
                     Symbol* as = scope_lookup(scope, psn);
@@ -514,6 +598,7 @@ static void analyze_node(AstNode* node, Scope* scope, ErrorList* errors, Arena*
                     }
                 }
                 pts[j] = pt;
+                pnames[j] = pn;
                 pstruct_names[j] = psn;
             }
             // 解析返回类型的别名
@@ -528,7 +613,7 @@ static void analyze_node(AstNode* node, Scope* scope, ErrorList* errors, Arena*
             }
             scope_insert_function(scope, a, fn->as.function.name,
                                   ret_t, ret_sn,
-                                  pts, pstruct_names,
+                                  pts, pnames, pstruct_names,
                                   fn->as.function.param_count);
         }
         // 第三遍：分析每个函数体
@@ -618,7 +703,12 @@ static void analyze_node(AstNode* node, Scope* scope, ErrorList* errors, Arena*
                 } else {
                     var_type = node->as.let_stmt.annot_type;
                 }
-                if (inferred != TYPE_ERROR && inferred != var_type) {
+                bool literal_to_int = (inferred == TYPE_I64
+                    && node->as.let_stmt.init->kind == AST_LITERAL_EXPR
+                    && (var_type == TYPE_I32 || var_type == TYPE_U64 || var_type == TYPE_CHAR));
+                if (inferred != TYPE_ERROR && inferred != var_type
+                    && !can_implicit_convert(inferred, var_type)
+                    && !literal_to_int) {
                     error_add(errors, "<sema>", node->loc.line, node->loc.col,
                               "变量 '%s' 类型标注为 '%s'，但初始化表达式类型为 '%s'",
                               node->as.let_stmt.name,
@@ -806,13 +896,13 @@ void sema_analyze(AstNode* ast, ErrorList* errors, Arena* arena) {
 
     // 注册内置函数
     TypeKind params_i64[] = {TYPE_I64};
-    scope_insert_function(global_scope, arena, "print_i64", TYPE_VOID, NULL, params_i64, NULL, 1);
+    scope_insert_function(global_scope, arena, "print_i64", TYPE_VOID, NULL, params_i64, NULL, NULL, 1);
     TypeKind params_f64[] = {TYPE_F64};
-    scope_insert_function(global_scope, arena, "print_f64", TYPE_VOID, NULL, params_f64, NULL, 1);
+    scope_insert_function(global_scope, arena, "print_f64", TYPE_VOID, NULL, params_f64, NULL, NULL, 1);
     TypeKind params_bool[] = {TYPE_BOOL};
-    scope_insert_function(global_scope, arena, "print_bool", TYPE_VOID, NULL, params_bool, NULL, 1);
+    scope_insert_function(global_scope, arena, "print_bool", TYPE_VOID, NULL, params_bool, NULL, NULL, 1);
     TypeKind params_str[] = {TYPE_STR};
-    scope_insert_function(global_scope, arena, "print_str", TYPE_VOID, NULL, params_str, NULL, 1);
+    scope_insert_function(global_scope, arena, "print_str", TYPE_VOID, NULL, params_str, NULL, NULL, 1);
 
     analyze_node(ast, global_scope, errors, arena);
 }

src/sema/symbol.c

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Symbol* scope_insert(Scope* scope, void* alloc, const char* name,
     if (!sym) return NULL;
     sym->name = name; sym->kind = kind; sym->type = type;
     sym->is_mut = false; sym->return_type = TYPE_VOID;
-    sym->param_types = NULL; sym->param_count = 0;
+    sym->param_types = NULL; sym->param_names = NULL; sym->param_count = 0;
     sym->struct_field_names = NULL;
     sym->struct_field_types = NULL;
     sym->struct_field_count = 0;
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ Symbol* scope_insert(Scope* scope, void* alloc, const char* name,
 
 Symbol* scope_insert_function(Scope* scope, void* alloc, const char* name,
                               TypeKind ret, const char* ret_struct_name,
-                              TypeKind* pt, const char** pstruct_names, size_t pc) {
+                              TypeKind* pt, const char** pnames,
+                              const char** pstruct_names, size_t pc) {
     if (scope->head) {
         for (Symbol* sym = scope->head; sym; sym = sym->next) {
             if (strcmp(sym->name, name) == 0) return NULL;
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ Symbol* scope_insert_function(Scope* scope, void* alloc, const char* name,
     sym->return_type = ret;
     sym->return_struct_type_name = ret_struct_name;
     sym->param_types = pt;
+    sym->param_names = pnames;
     sym->param_struct_names = pstruct_names;
     sym->param_count = pc;
     sym->struct_field_names = NULL;
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ Symbol* scope_insert_struct(Scope* scope, void* alloc, const char* name,
     if (!sym) return NULL;
     sym->name = name; sym->kind = SYM_STRUCT; sym->type = TYPE_STRUCT;
     sym->is_mut = false; sym->return_type = TYPE_VOID;
-    sym->param_types = NULL; sym->param_count = 0;
+    sym->param_types = NULL; sym->param_names = NULL; sym->param_count = 0;
     sym->struct_field_names = fnames;
     sym->struct_field_types = ftypes;
     sym->struct_field_struct_names = fstruct_names;
@@ -130,7 +132,7 @@ Symbol* scope_insert_enum(Scope* scope, void* alloc, const char* name,
     if (!sym) return NULL;
     sym->name = name; sym->kind = SYM_ENUM; sym->type = TYPE_ENUM;
     sym->is_mut = false; sym->return_type = TYPE_VOID;
-    sym->param_types = NULL; sym->param_count = 0;
+    sym->param_types = NULL; sym->param_names = NULL; sym->param_count = 0;
     sym->struct_field_names = vnames;
     sym->struct_field_types = NULL;
     sym->struct_field_struct_names = NULL;

src/sema/symbol.h

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ typedef struct Symbol {
     TypeKind    return_type;
     const char* return_struct_type_name;  // 返回类型为 struct 时的类型名
     TypeKind*   param_types;
+    const char** param_names;            // 参数名（用于命名参数匹配）
     const char** param_struct_names;      // 参数为 struct 时的类型名
     size_t       param_count;
     // 结构体特有（SYM_STRUCT）
@@ -52,7 +53,8 @@ Symbol* scope_insert(Scope* scope, void* alloc, const char* name,
 // 插入函数符号
 Symbol* scope_insert_function(Scope* scope, void* alloc, const char* name,
                               TypeKind ret, const char* ret_struct_name,
-                              TypeKind* pt, const char** pstruct_names, size_t pc);
+                              TypeKind* pt, const char** pnames,
+                              const char** pstruct_names, size_t pc);
 
 // 插入结构体符号
 Symbol* scope_insert_struct(Scope* scope, void* alloc, const char* name,

test/programs/25_new_types.l

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+fn main() -> i64 {
+    let a: i32 = 100;       // i64 字面量 → i32 变量（隐式转换）
+    let b: u64 = 999;       // i64 字面量 → u64 变量（隐式转换）
+    let c: char = 'A';     // 字符字面量
+    print_i64(a);   // 100 (i32 自动加宽为 i64)
+    print_i64(c);   // 65 (char 自动加宽为 i64)
+    print_i64(b);   // 999 (u64 传 i64 参数 — 允许)
+    return 0;
+}

test/programs/26_guard.l

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+fn abs(x: i64) -> i64 {
+    guard x >= 0 else { return -x; }
+    return x;
+}
+
+fn main() -> i64 {
+    print_i64(abs(10));   // 10
+    print_i64(abs(-5));   // 5
+    print_i64(abs(0));    // 0
+    return 0;
+}

test/programs/27_named_args.l

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+fn draw_rect(x: i64, y: i64, w: i64, h: i64) -> i64 {
+    print_i64(x);
+    print_i64(y);
+    print_i64(w);
+    print_i64(h);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+fn main() -> i64 {
+    // 位置参数
+    draw_rect(0, 0, 100, 200);
+
+    // 命名参数（任意顺序）
+    draw_rect(w: 10, h: 20, x: 1, y: 2);
+
+    return 0;
+}

test/programs/28_pipe.l

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+fn double(x: i64) -> i64 {
+    return x * 2;
+}
+
+fn add(a: i64, b: i64) -> i64 {
+    return a + b;
+}
+
+fn main() -> i64 {
+    // 管道: 10 |> double() |> add(5)  →  add(double(10), 5) = 25
+    let result = 10 |> double() |> add(5);
+    print_i64(result);  // 25
+    return 0;
+}

test/programs/29_interp.l

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+fn main() -> i64 {
+    let name = "World";
+    let greeting = "Hello, \(name)!";
+    print_str(greeting);  // "Hello, World!"
+    return 0;
+}

test/test_codegen.c

@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ void test_codegen_enum() {
     AstNode* c_ident = ast_make_ident(&a, "c", loc_at(1, 1));
     c_ident->type.kind = TYPE_ENUM;
     AstNode* args[] = { c_ident };
-    AstNode* print_call = ast_make_call(&a, "print_i64", args, 1, loc_at(1, 1));
+    AstNode* print_call = ast_make_call(&a, "print_i64", args, NULL, 1, loc_at(1, 1));
 
     /* return 0; */
     AstNode* ret = ast_make_return(&a, ast_make_literal_i64(&a, 0, loc_at(1, 1)), loc_at(1, 1));
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ void test_codegen_array() {
 
     // print_i64(arr[0]);
     AstNode* args[] = { idx_expr };
-    AstNode* print_call = ast_make_call(&a, "print_i64", args, 1, loc_at(1, 1));
+    AstNode* print_call = ast_make_call(&a, "print_i64", args, NULL, 1, loc_at(1, 1));
 
     // return 0;
     AstNode* ret = ast_make_return(&a, ast_make_literal_i64(&a, 0, loc_at(1, 1)), loc_at(1, 1));
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ void test_codegen_method_call() {
     AstNode* p_ident = ast_make_ident(&a, "p", loc_at(1, 1));
     p_ident->type.kind = TYPE_STRUCT;
     p_ident->type.struct_name = "Point";
-    AstNode* method_call = ast_make_method_call(&a, p_ident, "get_x", NULL, 0, loc_at(1, 1));
+    AstNode* method_call = ast_make_method_call(&a, p_ident, "get_x", NULL, NULL, 0, loc_at(1, 1));
     method_call->type.kind = TYPE_I64;
 
     AstNode* ret_main = ast_make_return(&a, method_call, loc_at(1, 1));